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最新！河北1市中小学寒假时间定了******url:https://m.gmw.cn/2023-01/06/content_1303245664.htm,id:1303245664

　　定州市教育局最新发布通知，确定中小学（园）寒假放假时间↓↓↓

　　为切实做好2023年全市中小学、幼儿园寒假前后工作，日前，定州市教育局发布通知，对寒假及春季开学做出相应安排。

　　放假安排：义务教育阶段学校、幼儿园和职业学校非毕业班年级1月13日（腊月廿二）放假；普通高中学校和职业学校毕业班年级1月17日（腊月廿六）放假。

　　开学安排：义务教育阶段学校、幼儿园和职业学校非毕业班年级2月6日（正月十六）开学；普通高中学校和职业学校毕业班年级1月29日（正月初八）开学。

　　同时，定州市教育局对学生放假前后相关工作提出具体要求。

　　深入开展校园爱国卫生运动。各学校放假后和开学前，要做好校园内的环境消杀工作，确保爱国卫生运动工作落到实处。要加大校园环境卫生整治力度，全方位改善学校环境卫生，彻底消除卫生死角和蚊虫寄生地。要以班级为单位通过线上课堂、致家长的一封信等形式，教育学生及家长注意个人防护，养成良好的卫生习惯，做到勤洗手、勤通风、戴口罩、少聚集，做好自己健康的第一责任人。

　　严格规范办学行为。各学校要维护师生合法权益，不得随意增减假期时长，不得加重学生假期课业负担，确保学生有自主安排活动的时间。各学校要严格落实好中央“双减”和教育部“五项管理”政策规定，引导学生在寒假期间健康上网、加强体育锻炼、培养良好的阅读习惯、养成良好的睡眠习惯，促进学生健康成长。要按照年级统一，总量控制，个别调整的原则，布置系统性、多样性书面作业、实践性作业和探究性作业，积极探索布置跨学科综合性作业，严禁给家长布置作业或让家长代为评改作业，严禁让家长从QQ群或微信群下载打印学生作业。

　　科学指导假期生活。各学校要加强宣传贯彻《中华人民共和国家庭教育促进法》，引导家长树立科学教育理念，以促进学生健康快乐成长为出发点和落脚点，和学生共同商量制定科学合理的寒假计划，培养学生自我管理、自我发展的能力，避免盲目送孩子参加辅导培训，减轻学生培训负担。要组织教师开展线上家访和 “一对一”学生谈话，全面了解掌握学生成长环境和思想动态，增进家校之间的沟通和信任，引导学生加强体育锻炼、开展文艺活动、强化劳动实践、做好近视防控等，丰富学生假期生活，不能荒废学业。要开通“心理咨询热线”，加强学生的居家心理健康教育，做好心理健康辅导。

　　全面做好开学准备工作。各单位要提前安排好新学期工作，结合本学期线上教学局限性，做好下学期工作计划，明确工作目标，理清工作思路，谋划工作重点。要组织教职工按时到校上班，提前备课，做好教材到位等准备工作。要对校舍、电力线路、生活设施、食堂餐厅和体育活动设施等进行全面安全检查，消除安全隐患。按照疫情防控有关要求，坚持科学防控、精准施策，确保开学后师生的人身安全和教学工作的正常开展。

　　转自|定州教育

中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）